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 What are the common licenses required to sell products in India?

To sell products in India, businesses must obtain various licenses and registrations depending on the nature of their products, the industry, and the scale of operations. Here’s a list of the most common licenses required:

1. Business Registration

  • Types: Sole Proprietorship, Partnership, Private Limited Company, LLP, or One-Person Company.
  • Purpose: Establishes the legal entity of the business.

2. GST Registration

  • Who Needs It: Businesses with an annual turnover exceeding ₹40 lakhs (₹20 lakhs for services) or those engaged in interstate trade.
  • Purpose: Mandatory for tax compliance under the Goods and Services Tax (GST) regime.

3. Trade License

  • Issued By: Municipal Corporation.
  • Purpose: Authorizes businesses to operate in a specific locality and ensures compliance with local regulations.

4. Shops and Establishments Act License

  • Who Needs It: Any business with a physical store or office.
  • Purpose: Regulates working hours, wages, and employee rights.

5. Import Export Code (IEC)

  • Who Needs It: Businesses involved in importing or exporting goods.
  • Issued By: Directorate General of Foreign Trade (DGFT).
  • Purpose: Mandatory for international trade.

6. FSSAI License

  • Who Needs It: Businesses dealing in food products (manufacturers, traders, distributors, and restaurants).
  • Issued By: Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI).
  • Types:
    • Basic Registration.
    • State License.
    • Central License (based on turnover and scale).

7. BIS Certification

  • Who Needs It: Manufacturers of specific products such as electrical appliances, cement, and toys (as mandated).
  • Issued By: Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS).
  • Purpose: Ensures product quality and safety.

8. Pollution Control Board License

  • Who Needs It: Industries that generate waste, emissions, or pollutants.
  • Issued By: State Pollution Control Boards.
  • Types:
    • Consent to Establish (CTE).
    • Consent to Operate (CTO).

9. Drug License

  • Who Needs It: Businesses dealing in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and medical devices.
  • Issued By: Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO) or State Drug Controllers.

10. Legal Metrology Certificate

  • Who Needs It: Sellers of packaged goods.
  • Issued By: Department of Legal Metrology.
  • Purpose: Ensures compliance with weight, measure, and labeling standards.

11. Copyright, Trademark, or Patent Registration

  • Who Needs It: Businesses dealing with unique brand names, logos, or inventions.
  • Issued By: Controller General of Patents, Designs, and Trademarks.
  • Purpose: Protects intellectual property rights.

12. MSME/Udyam Registration

  • Who Needs It: Micro, small, and medium enterprises.
  • Purpose: Provides access to government schemes, subsidies, and financial assistance.

13. E-Waste Management License

  • Who Needs It: Businesses involved in the manufacturing, sale, or disposal of electronic goods.
  • Issued By: State Pollution Control Boards.
  • Purpose: Ensures proper disposal and recycling of e-waste.

14. Factory License

  • Who Needs It: Businesses operating manufacturing units.
  • Issued By: Chief Inspector of Factories under the Factories Act.
  • Purpose: Ensures workplace safety and compliance with labor laws.

15. Specific Product-Based Licenses

  • Alcohol and Tobacco Products: Excise License.
  • Cosmetics and Personal Care: CDSCO Registration.
  • Agri-Based Products: APEDA License for export.

16. Online Selling Registrations

  • For E-commerce Platforms: Register with platforms like Amazon, Flipkart, or Myntra.
  • Domain Registration: For selling through a dedicated website.

Key Considerations

  • State-Specific Requirements: Some licenses may vary based on state regulations.
  • Professional Assistance: Consulting with legal and compliance experts ensures smooth acquisition of licenses.

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