Shareholders’ liability is limited to their shareholding, safeguarding personal assets from the company’s debts and obligations.

           The company operates independently of its shareholders, with its own legal identity, enabling it to own assets, enter into contracts, and sue or be sued.

           The company’s existence remains unaffected by the death or departure of shareholders, ensuring continuity.

           Shares can be freely bought or sold, providing liquidity to shareholders and facilitating access to capital markets.

            Public Limited Companies are subject to strict regulations, including mandatory audits, regular filings with the Registrar of Companies (ROC), and shareholder reporting.

               PLCs can raise large sums of capital by offering shares to the general public through Initial Public Offerings (IPOs) or secondary market offerings.

              Being a public company enhances credibility and transparency, attracting investors, business partners, and clients.

              Shareholders’ liability is capped at the amount they invested, protecting personal assets.

              Shares can be issued to the public, including institutional investors, venture capitalists, and retail investors.

              PLCs have greater opportunities to expand through mergers, acquisitions, and large-scale investment, leveraging public funds.

              Select a unique name for the company in line with the naming guidelines issued by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA).

              Secure Digital Signature Certificates (DSC) for the proposed directors to facilitate electronic document submission.

              Obtain DIN for all proposed directors via the MCA portal.

              Prepare the Memorandum of Association (MOA) and Articles of Association (AOA), which define the company’s objectives and operational rules.

File the application for incorporation with the MCA, including the MOA, AOA, DINs, DSCs, and other necessary documents.

Upon approval, the company will receive a Certificate of Incorporation.

             Apply for a Permanent Account Number (PAN) for the company for tax purposes.

            Open a current account in the company’s name. The bank will typically require the Certificate of Incorporation, PAN card, and proof of the registered address.

Register for GST if the annual turnover exceeds ₹20 lakhs (₹10 lakhs for special category states) or if engaged in interstate trade.

Voluntary GST registration is also an option to avail of input tax credits.

MSME (Udyam) Registration: Beneficial for availing government schemes for small businesses.

Trade License: Needed for specific business activities, issued by the local municipal authority.

Shop and Establishment License: Mandatory for commercial establishments as per state regulations.

             Obtain a TAN if the company will be deducting taxes at source (TDS).

            Ensure compliance with Provident Fund (PF) and Employee State Insurance (ESI) regulations if employing staff.

            Engage with merchant bankers to facilitate an IPO to raise capital from the public.

           Protect the company’s brand by registering a trademark.

          Apply for IEC if the company engages in international trade.

           Public Limited Companies can be listed on stock exchanges, which improves liquidity and investor confidence.