Legal Framework and Authority

• Toll rates in India are governed by the National Highways Fee (Determination of Rates and Collection) Rules.
  
• These rules are framed under the National Highways Act, 1956.
  
• The Ministry of Road Transport and Highways is the primary authority for rate approvals.
  
• The National Highways Authority of India enforces the toll structure on the ground.
  
• State governments may regulate rates for state highways.
  

Factors Considered for Rate Fixation

• The cost of construction or upgrading of the road is a primary factor.
  
• Operation and maintenance expenses are included in the rate formula.
  
• Rate calculations are based on road length and type of highway.
  
• Traffic volume projections also influence toll pricing.
  
• Recovery period and financial viability determine the toll duration.
  

Vehicle Classification and Tariff Slabs

• Vehicles are categorized into different classes such as cars, LCVs, buses, and multi-axle trucks.
  
• Each class has a specific toll rate based on road wear impact.
  
• Heavier and larger vehicles are charged higher tolls.
  
• Two-wheelers are generally exempt on national highways but may be charged on some state roads.
  
• Oversized or overloaded vehicles may attract special toll charges.
  

Type of Road and Infrastructure

• Toll rates differ for expressways, national highways, state roads, and bridges.
  
• Access-controlled expressways usually have premium rates.
  
• Bridges and tunnels may have independent toll pricing based on construction cost.
  
• Bypass roads and urban flyovers may follow state-specific toll models.
  
• Improved road quality and additional facilities may lead to higher rates.
  

Annual Revision and Notifications

• Toll rates are revised annually based on inflation indices.
  
• The Wholesale Price Index is used to calculate rate adjustments.
  
• Revisions are typically notified on April 1 each year.
  
• The updated rates are published by the government and enforced by NHAI.
  
• Public notices are issued to inform users of new toll charges.