Encryption and Private Key Protection

• DSCs use a strong public key infrastructure (PKI) to encrypt and protect data.
  
• The private key used for signing is securely stored and never leaves the USB token.
  
• All signing operations are performed within the token to prevent key exposure.
  
• Data signed with DSC is verified using the corresponding public key.
  
• This ensures that the signature cannot be forged or tampered with.
  

PIN-Based Access Control

• Each DSC token is secured with a user-defined PIN or password.
  
• Access to the DSC is restricted to those who know the correct PIN.
  
• Multiple incorrect attempts result in a token lockout for security.
  
• The PIN system prevents unauthorized access even if the token is lost.
  
• PIN policies enforce responsible and confidential use.
  

Tamper-Resistant Hardware Tokens

• DSCs are stored in FIPS-certified cryptographic USB tokens.
  
• These tokens are tamper-resistant and designed to detect physical breaches.
  
• Data and keys within the token cannot be duplicated or extracted.
  
• Any physical interference may render the token unusable.
  
• Tokens meet regulatory standards for high-assurance security.
  

Certificate Validation and Revocation Mechanisms

• Each DSC can be validated against a Certificate Revocation List (CRL).
  
• Real-time status checks help confirm whether a certificate is valid or revoked.
  
• Expired, compromised, or invalid certificates can be promptly revoked.
  
• Only valid certificates are accepted during digital transactions.
  
• This ensures reliability in document verification processes.
  

Audit Trails and Non-Repudiation

• Every use of DSC creates a secure audit trail with a timestamp and identity details.
  
• Non-repudiation ensures the signer cannot deny having signed a document.
  
• Legal systems accept DSC-backed actions as binding and traceable.
  
• DSCs log actions for compliance, accountability, and investigation.
  
• These features support both security enforcement and legal validity.